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Приложение 7
American English
Американский вариант английского языка
There are a few grammatical differences between British English and American English:
Есть несколько грамматических различий между британским вариантом английского языка и американским вариантом английского языка:
Unit
7A-B,
7D and
13A
BRITISH
The present perfect or past simple can be used for new or recent happenings. The present perfect is more common:
? I’ve lost my key. Have you seen it?
(or I lost my key. Did you see it?)
0 Sally isn't here. She’s gone out.
The present perfect or past simple can be used with just, already and yet.
The present perfect is more common:
0 I'm not hungry. I’ve just had lunch.
(or I just had lunch.)
? A: What time is Mark leaving?
B: He’s already left.
? Have you finished your work yet?
AMERICAN
The present perfect or past simple can be used for new or recent happenings. The past simple is more common:
0 I lost my key. Did you see it?
(or I’ve lost my key. Have you seen it?) ? Sally isn't here. She went out.
The present perfect or past simple can be used with just, already and yet.
The past simple is more common:
0 I'm not hungry. I just had lunch.
(or I’ve just had lunch.)
? A: What time is Mark leaving?
B: He already left.
O Did you finish your work yet?
17C
British speakers usually say: have a bath have a shower
have a break have a holiday
American speakers say: take a bath take a shower
take a break take a vacation
21D
and 22D
Will or shall can be used with I/we:
? I will/shall be late this evening.
Shall I... ? and shall we ... ? are used to ask for advice etc. :
0 Which way shall we go?
Shall is unusual:
0 I will be late this evening.
Should I... ? and should we ... ? are more usual to ask for advice etc. :
0 Which way should we go?
28
British speakers use can’t to say they believe something is not probable:
? Sarah hasn't contacted me. She can’t have got my message.
American speakers use must not in this situation:
0 Sarah hasn't contacted me. She must not have gotten my message.
32
You can use needn’t or don’t need to:
? We needn’t hurry.
or We don’t need to hurry.
Needn’t is unusual. The usual form is don’t need to:
O We don’t need to hurry.
34A-B
After insist, demand etc. you can use should: 0 I insisted that he should apologise.
0 Many people are demanding that something should be done about the problem.
The subjunctive is normally used. Should is unusual after insist, demand etc. :
O I insisted that he apologize.*
O Many people are demanding that something be done about the problem.
51B
British speakers generally use Have you? /
Isn’t she? etc. :
? A: Lisa isn't very well today.
B: Isn’t she? What's wrong with her?
American speakers generally use You have? /
She isn’t? etc. :
O A: Lisa isn't very well today.
B: She isn’t? What's wrong with her?
70B
Accommodation is usually uncountable: 0 There isn't enough accommodation.
Accommodation can be countable:
O There aren't enough accommodations.
* Many verbs ending in -ise in British English (apologise/organise/ specialise etc.) are spelt with -ize (apologize/organize/specialize etc.) in American English.